DETECTION AND PURIFICATION OF HARMFUL COMPOUNDS IN BEVERAGES USING HPLC

5215 | P a g e N o v e m b e r 2 0 1 6 w w w . c i r w o r l d . c o m DETECTION AND PURIFICATION OF HARMFUL COMPOUNDS IN BEVERAGES USING HPLC Rukkumani, V , Saravanakumar , M 2 Assistant Professor (Sr.G) , Department of Electronics And Instrumentation , Sri Ramakrishna Engineering College, Coimbatore Assistant Professor , Department of Physics , SVS College of Engineering, Coimbatore rukkumnai.v@srec.ac.in ABSTRACT


INTRODUCTION
Beverages are consumed by many people all over the world. Nobody knows the exact ingredients of the product except the manufacturer. These beverages have a fatal effect on the human beings. People suffer a lot by consuming this which consists of many harmful compounds. So, our project reports on the presence of harmful compounds and its composition. By doing this we can find the real ingredients present in the product. The ingredients present in the beverages may cause many harmful effects like increase in blood pressure, hypertension, insomnia, headaches, diabetics and allergies.

Explanation
The block diagram of Detection and Purification of Harmful compounds in beverages using HPLC describes the working of the HPLC Column, Injector, reciprocating pumps and the detectors employed.

Pumps
The purpose of the solvent delivery system (Pump) is to deliver a continuous pulse free flow of mobile phase to the HPLC systemregardless of the system back pressure. An ideal pump should have the following desirable characteristics are Solvent compatibility and resistance to corrosion Constant flow delivery independent of back pressure Convenience of replacement of worn out parts Low dead volume for minimum problems on solvent changeover.

Sample Pretreatment Methods
Pretreatment before HPLC analysis is often required for samples of low concentration or samples containing analytical contaminants [3]. It improves reproducibility and sensitivity in analysis, and protects HPLC columns. The pretreatment methods are different according to the each sample. Filtration is a method of pretreatment. It is a common method used for separating solids from liquids. It extends a column's life by minimizing column damages from solid contaminants such as particles, sediments and colloid substances. It also improves reproducibility of analytical data. [4].

Injectors
Injectors for liquid chromatographic systems should provide the possibility of injecting the liquid sample within the range of 0.1 to 100 ml of volume with high reproducibility and under high pressure (up to the 4000 psi). [5].

Detector
A chromatography detector is a device used in gas chromatography (GC) or liquid chromatography (LC) to detect components of the mixture being eluted off the chromatography column [6]. There are two genera l types of detectors: destructive and non-destructive. The destructive detectors perform continuous transformation of the column effluent (burning, evaporation or mixing with reagents) with subsequent measurement of some physical property of the resulting material (plasma, aerosol or reaction mixture) . The non-destructive detectors are directly measuring some property of the column effluent (for example UV absorption) and thus affords for the further analytic recovery [7].

RESULT AND DISCUSSION
The output peaks of the compounds such as Caffeine, Sucrose, Aspartame, Fructose, Neotame are obtained as shown in Fig.1.2. The compound caffeine is found to have the highest retention time. The output is obtained using the Orisis software tool.
Depending upon the Retention time, the compounds are obtained in the order as shown in Table 1. The amount of sample injected varies depending on the type of standards used. From the compounds detected, the chemical compounds are classified and an analysis was made such that caffeine has the highest retention time followed by fructose, neotame, aspartame and sucrose which are the sweetening agents added to the beverages.  Form this result, the detection and purification of some harmful compounds such as caffeine, neotame, aspartame, sucrose and fructose was done. Also the analysis of the composition of chemicals in the beverages that is consumed in our day to day life was done.
In future, UHPLC(Ultra High Performance Liquid chromatography) column for the process can be used so that more number of compounds and its chemical composition can be detected. Accuracy and resolution can be improved by the use of UHPLC columns.