Using Relational Database Model in Cloud Computing

The advent of digital systems for the production and transmission of information decisively influences human progress and represents the future in any field of social life. In order to survive, organizations must correlate the objectives to the new trend of the society based on information, deeply marked by globalization. In recent years new computational paradigm were proposed and adopted. These include Cloud computing. Together with the stabilization of technologies related to Cloud computing, SQL databases have become more attractive due to native support for scalability and distributed architecture and the fact that many of these can be offered as services. The paper presents a few important aspects about cloud computing and proposed a new database designed to be implemented in cloud. We offer a new model and an example of implementing in Romanian medicine 1.

Typical cloud computing providers make available, for example, standard commercial applications; only the user has access to them through a local browser, since both the application and the user's own data are hosted in cloud, on the provider's service server.
Starting from these considerations, the article has a structure presented in the following paragraph. Section 1 includes the Introduction. In section 2 we offer a literature review and key achievements of our research. Section 3 contains a new architecture proposal of a databas e and the cloud extension and Section 4 presents some aspects about querying data. The paper ends with the conclusions section.

II. PROBLEM STATEMENT AND BACKGROUND An overview in Cloud computing
Among the clienteles of cloud computing we can mention mobile devices, terminals or usual computers. Some of its benefits are the minor hardware costs, lower IT costs, security, lower power consumption, easy repair and replacement, low noise. Data centers can be collections of servers in which subscription applications are hosted. They can be based on a large hall in the same building or on a room of servers outside the organization. Virtualized servers allow software to be installed allowing multiple instances of virtual servers that can be operated. Another feature would be that a lot of virtual servers can run on one physical server. In case of distributed servers, the servers must not be located all in the same location, they ca n be placed in separate geographic locations. If something happens to a site, such as a power failure, the service can be accessed from another site. -Private, owned or leased by a single organization and operated only by that organization -Community shared by several organizations and supports a specific community that shares the same themes (e.g. considerations of mission, security requirements, policy, etc.) -Public, owned by an organization that sells services to the general public or a large industrial group -Hybrid, a composite of two or more clouds (internal, community, or public) that remain unique entities but are bundled together by standardized technologies or an owner who allows portability of data and applications (for example to survive some peaks of usage, see figure 1).

Fig. 1. Types of clouds
By using the modern, intuitive, and powerful databases built on a cloud platform, much of the development process will be managed: security, authentication, database interactions, input validation, sessi on state management and many others [9]. All the tools we need are available in a single, extensible database, due to classification and models of Cloud computing technology, as we see: the model of service delivery or deployment model.
Cloud computing services are offered to customers in three modes of implementation: private, public and hybrid. The private cloud model (or internal) has as user for instance a company. There can be represented several different departments within the same company. They are using virtualization on the existing servers in the company to improve the use of workstations. A private cloud also involves supplying and measurement of the components, enabling rapid deployment and change components if necessary.
The public cloud (or external) is basically the provision of resources through the Internet for many users simultaneously. Customers share in this way the applications, power processing and Major advantages of Cloud computing just emerge from the basic idea of this technology: r egardless of location, personal or company, data is accessed via the Internet with absolutely any equipment that allows web surfing (regardless of its hardware performance). Using these services involves giving up own IT infrastructure and renting storage and processing systems, as well as investment to access various applications through the Internet, which are traditionally stored on individual computers.
The cloud computing applications are actually available on the web in a big number. There are many providers with their own design where users can obtain quality cloud services. We can easily use the data storages in cloud with the Internet connections.
These are two important aspects we must see: Cloud computing applications for easy communication and Cloud computing applications for easy data s torages (see figure 2). We can easily s ave the documents on the cloud, get those documents and share them with other users, put the files on the cloud, get data from there. All of these with cheap costing.
There are other examples like the YouTube, Soundcloud, etc. that really are useful as the media ser vices.

Fig.2. Cloud Computing applications and databases
Cloud computing applications, are the cloud-based services also known as Software as a Service (SaaS), as we mentioned before. These applications can do everything from keeping track of notes to accounting [3] [4]. SaaS allows companies to ensure all users that their application is on the same software version. This is because they can provide automatic updates to cloud applications, rather than waiting for users to do it themselves. This also helps with support, as the company will know what version of the software is being used when issues are logged.
Another good parts of these applications are everyone benefits : cloud apps allow companies to push new developments to all users at once, ensuring everyone benefits at the same time [18].

State of the art
Building a database cloud application can be a challenge for any researcher and programmer. As we can find in paper [10], there are three major components of Database Schema Service: a platform to quickly develop and deploy applications, a set of easily installed built-in packaged applications, and the ability to conveniently access data using restful web services.
We can create web applications that share data using only a web browser and needing only limited programming experience. We can deploy applications, manage users and application security by configuring application authentication and authorization access options [9].
When we think to create a database for cloud we must think that cloud computing uses a network of computers to provide services that otherwise would be provided by a single computer or computer server [10].
The authors of paper [11] state that the cloud computer databases have a set of key benefits: simplicityin provisioning, development, deployment and pricing, portabilityto any platform that supports the DBMS, in a public or private cloud, enterprise strengththrough the power of implemented technology and productivityfor your IT staff and business users.
David Linthicum in his study [12] states that the data processing requirements of cloud computing is causing many to leave SQL and relational databases behind and try to use a new technology and the cloud changes everything.
Saeid Abolfazli et al. in their paper [13] survey the augmentation domain and presents taxonomy of new databases approaches. The objectives of the study is to highlight the effects of remote resources on the quality and reliability of augmentation processes and discuss the challenges and opportunities of introducing the cloud -based resources in augmenting new cloud computing technology.
In paper [14], the authors take into consideration on-line Transaction Processing (OLTP) applications, model two incremental repartitioning algorithm and lookup mechanism and develop a unique transaction generation model for simulation.
J. Kamal et al. in their paper explain that cloud applications often rely on distributed databases that can sustain rapid growth in data volume. Distributed transactions that involve data tuples from multiple servers can adversely impact the performance of such databases, especially when the transactions are short-lived in and require immediate response [15].
In paper [22], Gelogo and Lee underline the idea that in the last years the number of outsourcing database will grow significantly and Database Management Systems as a cloud service will offer less expensive platform for development.
Starting from the existing literature in the field, paper aims to present a viewpoint on creating the databases belonging medicine with the applicability in Cloud. The operation aims to increase the functionality and reliability of the introduction and retrieval of data and the ability to provide user access physician or patient unit, aggregate data of interest to both.
An easy way to comply with the conference paper formatting requiremen ts is to use this document as a template and simply type your text into it.

III. CASE STUDY. DESIGNING A DATABASE FOR THE CLOUD.
According to [8] "a cloud database is a database accessible to clients from the cloud and delivered to users on demand via the Internet from a cloud database provider's servers ". The database is transformed, optimized and built for a virtualized . A cloud database can be a traditional database such as a MySQL or SQL Server database and also can be a native cloud database tends to better equipped to optimally use cloud resources and to guarantee scalability [8].
Security and privacy, and the potential loss of or inability to access critical data in the event of a disaster or bankruptcy of the cloud database service provider must be taken into consideration [8]. In the same time ensuring security and privacy for data management and query processing in the cloud is critical for uses of the cloud [20].
The following application shows the computerization of business management of a medical office.
The web application automates electronic medical patients list and all activities undertaken by staff of the cabinet. It offers the possibility to track the route of a patient starting from entering the system, schedule a consultation, filling in the consultation sheet and up to the management of the medical documents issued in time for th e patient. It begins database design using the following steps. Fig.3. The attributes of our database.

Identifying the attributes stored in the database and the management rules
One of the most important applications for computers is storing and managing information in cloud. The manner in which information is structured and presented can have an important effect on how easy is to access and manipulate.
We must respect all the steps in designing a relational database in order to obtain a complex database which can be used in cloud.
According 1NF it will decompose composite attributes , eliminating also derived attributes. In our case the total salary. It follows therefore Dictionary table in first normal form (see figure 3). Hall number F e b r u a r y , 2 0 1 7 An important issue when we use the relational data model is how we select an appropriate database scheme. As management rules we have: 1. Doctor can handle more patients 2. In a room may be several treatments.
The next step would be to identify the role of primary key attributes : Id_doctor , Id_title , Id_asistent , Hall nr., CNP , Id_treatment. Diagram of the database structure (figure 4) is presented below.

Defining tables and integrity constraints
The simplest but most versatile way to organize information is to store it in tables. After that we can transfer them in clou d. The tables must be powerful and flexible and the simplest way to represent information in cloud.

Relational data model development
The relational database schema is the step in which we build the tables, columns and relationships that make up a relational database. Determining a key for a relation is an important aspect of database desig n and it is used when we select a primary index structure. Our application will have the following schema:

Define the data integrity constraints
There are three types of structural constraints (key, reference and the entity) constituting the minimal set of rules of integrity that they must have a relational database. Integrity minimal restrictions are defined in relation to the notion of key relationships and these must be reflected in the cloud database design. In our model structur al constraints are:

R1:
The ID_Doctor and the ID_Title are the composite primary key in the Doctor

IV. USING SQL AS QUERY LANGUAGE FOR OUR DATABASE
SQL is a very important database service for applications built in the cloud that makes it easy to set-up, maintain, manage and administer our relational database in the cloud [21]. In the same time is very easy to use and can obtain important results.
As an example we build a pivot table for our database and the code for our query is written below.   The result is shown in the picture below.  The number of the patients of a room can be obtain using specific function as we see below.